Hasan ibn Ali, Shia Islam's second imam (his father, Ali ibn Abi Talib, being the first imam), is poisoned to death. Oct 680 Husayn ibn Ali , Shia Islam 's third imam, is beheaded by Yazid I's force at the Battle of Karbala in present-day Iraq. The Investiture of Ali at Ghadir Khumm in the fourteenth-century Ilkhanid copy of Chronology of Ancient Nations, illustrated by Ibn al-Kutbi. As the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Ali ibn Abi Talib was likely the first male to profess Islam. He significantly contributed to Muhammad's cause inside and outside the battlefield.
Uthman ibn Affan followed Umar as a caliph and ruled the longest of the four caliphs. In his twelve years of rule he standardized the Qur'an, spread the empire westwards to the Maghreb and even a part of Spain and eastward further into Central Asia. He was also assasinated which lead to Ali ibn Abi Talib being the fourth Sunni caliph and the
Father: Abu Talib (Peace be upon him) Mother: Fatimah bint Asad. Born: 13th Rajab, 23 BH/595 CE inside the Holy Kabah in Makkah, Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula. Died: 21st Ramadan, 40 AH/661 CE, after being struck on the head with a sword by the Kharijite, Ibn Muljam. Age at Martyrdom: 63.

Imam 'Ali Ibni Abi Talib, jumps out of his bed. Now, at the forefront of those 15 evil men was Khalid Ibn Walid. He was leading them, and he is carrying his sword in his hand. Imam 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib, alayhi as-salam, jumps out of his bed. He takes the hands of Khalid Ibn al-Walid, he twists his hand and he takes the sword from him.

Shia and some Sunni sources identify him as Muhammad's cousin, Ali ibn Abi Talib, aged between nine and eleven at the time. For instance, this is reported by the Sunni historian Ibn Hisham ( d. 833 ) in his recension of al-Sira al-nabawiya , the biographical work of the Shia-leaning historian Ibn Ishaq ( d.
Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, played a pivotal role in the formative early years of Islam. Later, after the death of Muhammad in 632 CE, through his numerous sayings and writings, Ali helped establish a range of Islamic sciences, including Quranic exegesis, theology, jurisprudence, rhetoric (balagha), and Arabic grammar. vr9r.
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    • ali ibn abi talib physical description